Cabletron Systems Switch TRFMIM 28 User Manual

SmartSwitch 9000  
9H423-28  
User’s Guide  
9032061-01  
 
Notice  
Notice  
Cabletron Systems reserves the right to make changes in specifications and other information  
contained in this document without prior notice. The reader should in all cases consult Cabletron  
Systems to determine whether any such changes have been made.  
The hardware, firmware, or software described in this manual is subject to change without notice.  
IN NO EVENT SHALL CABLETRON SYSTEMS BE LIABLE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, INDIRECT,  
SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES WHATSOEVER (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED  
TO LOST PROFITS) ARISING OUT OF OR RELATED TO THIS MANUAL OR THE INFORMATION  
CONTAINED IN IT, EVEN IF CABLETRON SYSTEMS HAS BEEN ADVISED OF, KNOWN, OR  
SHOULD HAVE KNOWN, THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.  
© Copyright March 1998 by:  
Cabletron Systems, Inc.  
35 Industrial Way  
Rochester, NH 03867-5005  
All Rights Reserved  
Printed in the United States of America  
Order Number: 9032061-01  
LANVIEW is a registered trademark, and SmartSwitch is a trademark of Cabletron Systems, Inc.  
CompuServe is a registered trademark of CompuServe, Inc.  
i960 microprocessor is a registered trademark of Intel Corp.  
Ethernet is a trademark of Xerox Corporation.  
i
 
Notice  
FCC Notice  
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two  
conditions: (1) this device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any  
interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.  
NOTE: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital  
device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable  
protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment.  
This equipment uses, generates, and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed in  
accordance with the operators manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications.  
Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause interference in which case the user  
will be required to correct the interference at his own expense.  
WARNING: Changes or modifications made to this device which are not expressly approved by the  
party responsible for compliance could void the users authority to operate the equipment.  
VCCI Notice  
This is a Class A product based on the standard of the Voluntary Control Council for Interference by  
Information Technology Equipment (VCCI). If this equipment is used in a domestic environment,  
radio disturbance may arise. When such trouble occurs, the user may be required to take corrective  
actions.  
DOC Notice  
This digital apparatus does not exceed the Class A limits for radio noise emissions from digital  
apparatus set out in the Radio Interference Regulations of the Canadian Department of  
Communications.  
Le présent appareil numérique német pas de bruits radioélectriques dépassant les limites applicables  
aux appareils numériques de la class A prescrites dans le Règlement sur le brouillage radioélectrique  
édicté par le ministère des Communications du Canada.  
ii  
 
Notice  
DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY  
ADDENDUM  
Application of Council Directive(s):  
89/336/EEC  
73/23/EEC  
Manufacturer’s Name:  
Manufacturer’s Address:  
Cabletron Systems, Inc.  
35 Industrial Way  
PO Box 5005  
Rochester, NH 03867  
European Representative Name:  
European Representative Address:  
Mr. J. Solari  
Cabletron Systems Limited  
Nexus House, Newbury Business Park  
London Road, Newbury  
Berkshire RG13 2PZ, England  
Conformance to Directive(s)/Product Standards:  
Equipment Type/Environment:  
EC Directive 89/336/EEC  
EC Directive 73/23/EEC  
EN 55022  
EN 50082-1  
EN 60950  
Networking Equipment, for use in a  
Commercial or Light  
Industrial Environment.  
We the undersigned, hereby declare, under our sole responsibility, that the equipment packaged with  
this notice conforms to the above directives.  
Manufacturer  
Legal Representative in Europe  
Mr. Ronald Fotino  
____________________________________________________  
Mr. J. Solari  
______________________________________________________  
Full Name  
Full Name  
Principal Compliance Engineer  
____________________________________________________  
Managing Director - E.M.E.A.  
______________________________________________________  
Title  
Title  
Rochester, NH, USA  
____________________________________________________  
Newbury, Berkshire, England  
______________________________________________________  
Location  
Location  
iii  
 
Notice  
Safety Information  
CLASS 1 LASER TRANSCEIVERS  
The FPIM-05 and FPIM-07 are Class 1 Laser Products  
CLASS 1  
LASER PRODUCT  
The FPIM-05 and FPIM-07 use Class 1 Laser transceivers. Read the  
following safety information before installing or operating these  
adapters.  
The Class 1 laser transceivers use an optical feedback loop to maintain Class 1 operation  
limits. This control loop eliminates the need for maintenance checks or adjustments. The  
output is factory set, and does not allow any user adjustment. Class 1 Laser transceivers  
comply with the following safety standards:  
21 CFR 1040.10 and 1040.11 U.S. Department of Health and  
Human Services (FDA).  
IEC Publication 825 (International Electrotechnical Commission).  
CENELEC EN 60825 (European Committee for Electrotechnical  
Standardization).  
When operating within their performance limitations, laser transceiver output meets the  
Class 1 accessible emission limit of all three standards. Class 1 levels of laser radiation are not  
considered hazardous.  
iv  
 
Notice  
Safety Information  
CLASS 1 LASER TRANSCEIVERS  
Laser Radiation and Connectors  
When the connector is in place, all laser radiation remains within the fiber. The maximum  
amount of radiant power exiting the fiber (under normal conditions) is -12.6 dBm or 55 x 10  
watts.  
-6  
Removing the optical connector from the transceiver allows laser radiation to emit directly  
from the optical port. The maximum radiance from the optical port (under worst case  
-2  
3
2
conditions) is 0.8 W cm or 8 x 10 W m sr-1.  
Do not use optical instruments to view the laser output. The use of optical instruments to  
view laser output increases eye hazard. When viewing the output optical port, power must  
be removed from the network adapter.  
v
 
Notice  
vi  
 
Contents  
Chapter 1  
Chapter 2  
Chapter 3  
Chapter 4  
vii  
 
Contents  
Chapter 5  
viii  
 
Chapter 1  
Introduction  
Ethernet ports and four 100 Mbs Fast Ethernet ports. The module is configured  
with two RJ21 connectors, two RJ45 connectors, two ST fiber connectors and a slot  
for an FEPIM. The two RJ21 connectors provide twenty-four 10 Mbps Ethernet  
ports. The RJ45 connectors, ST connectors and FEPIM (the module supports either  
the FE-100TX or the FE-100FX) provide the four 100 Mbps Ethernet ports. The two  
ST connectors represent a single port, as one connector is for transmit and one is  
for receive. Each module also provides an additional port that connects directly to  
the Internal Network Bus (INB) backplane interface. This module uses a  
®
SmartSwitch ASIC design and an advanced Intel i960 microprocessor. This  
microprocessor provides a platform for all management functions within a  
scalable RISC-Based Architecture.  
This module can operate in two modes: either as a 28-port Ethernet traditional  
switch (using 802.1d standards) with a high speed backbone connection, or as a  
Secure Fast Switch (SFS) with 28 Ethernet connections. Each port can be  
configured to operate in the Full Duplex mode. This configuration allows each  
10BASE-T port to provide a full 20 Mbps of bandwidth and the 100BASE-T ports  
to provide 200 Mbps of bandwidth. The fiber ports on this module operate only in  
Full Duplex mode.  
Network management information is available through a variety of methods. All  
information based on Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is  
accessible either via an in-band (Front Panel port), Side Band (SMB-10), or via the  
Environmental Modules COM ports. Serial Line Internet Protocol (SLIP) or  
Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) is supported by the Environmental Modules COM  
ports. For more information on the SMB-10, SLIP, or PPP, refer to the SmartSwitch  
9000 Local Management Users Guide.  
The 9H423-28 also features front panel LANVIEW™ Diagnostic LEDs to offer at-  
a-glance status information about each front panel port, as well as the operation  
of the overall module.  
1-1  
 
 
Introduction  
Features  
Processor  
The 9H423-28 module is equipped with an advanced Intel i960 microprocessor.  
This microprocessor provides a platform for all management functions, such as  
Spanning Tree, RMON, and MIB support, within a scalable RISC-Based  
architecture.  
Fast Packet Switching  
The 9H423-28 module incorporates a hardware-based switch design referred to as  
the SmartSwitch ASIC, a collection of custom ASICs designed specifically for  
high-speed switching. Because all frame translation, address lookups, and  
forwarding decisions are performed in hardware, these modules can obtain a  
throughput performance of greater than 750K pps.  
Management  
The 9H423-28 features SNMP for local and remote management. Local  
management is provided through the RS-232 COM ports on the SmartSwitch 9000  
Environmental Module, using a standard VT-220 TM terminal or emulator. Remote  
management is possible through Cabletrons SPECTRUM or any SNMP-  
compliant management tool. Included as management features are the IETF  
Standard Management Information Base (MIBs) RMON (RFC1271), IETF MIB II  
(RFC-1213), IETF Bridge MIB (RFC-1493), and a host of other Cabletron enterprise  
MIBs. These modules also offer a wide variety of statistical network management  
information to enhance network planning and troubleshooting. The 9H423-28  
provides information for each front panel Ethernet port, including packet counts  
along with errored frame information, such as collisions, CRCs, and Giants, via a  
variety of industry standard and private MIBS. Industry-standard IEEE 802.1d  
bridging, including Spanning Tree Algorithm, is supported.  
Connectivity  
The 9H423-28 module has one interface to the INB and 28 front port connections.  
The INB interface is a fixed connection to INB-B that allows the module to  
communicate with other SmartSwitch 9000 modules supporting various LAN  
technologies including: Token Ring, FDDI, Ethernet, WAN, Fast Ethernet and  
ATM. The module is configured with two RJ21 connectors, two RJ45 connectors,  
two ST fiber connectors and a slot for an FEPIM. The two RJ21 connectors provide  
twenty-four 10 Mbps Ethernet ports, and the RJ45 connectors, ST connectors and  
FEPIM (the module supports either the FE-100TX or the FE-100FX) provide four  
100 Mbps Ethernet ports. The multimode ST connectors provide a 100BASE-FL  
connection, with links up to 2000 meters in length.  
Auto-negotiation  
The auto-negotiation feature (available only with the 100BASE-T RJ45 ports )  
allows the module to automatically use the fastest rate supported by the device at  
the other end (either 10 Mbps or 100 Mbps at either half or full duplex). To  
1-2  
 
 
Introduction  
negotiate duplex, both the 9H423-28 and the attached device must be configured  
for auto-negotiation. If only the 9H423-28 is configured for auto-negotiation, the  
module will set the connection to half duplex at either the 10 Mbps or 100 Mbps  
rate. This technology is similar to how modems negotiate transmission speed,  
finding the highest transmission rate possible. Similarly, auto-negotiation  
determines the highest common speed between two devices and communicates at  
that speed. If no common speed is detected, the device will be partitioned.  
All RJ45 connections are capable of auto-negotiation, and can operate at 10 Mbps  
or 100 Mbps, full or half duplex. Fiber connections can only operate at the 100  
Mbps rate, full or half duplex.  
NOTE  
Standard Ethernet/Full Duplex Operation  
The 9H423-28 module supports both 100BASE and 10BASE technology. This  
allows each port on the module to be configured, through local and or remote  
management (SNMP), to operate in standard Ethernet mode (simplex) or full  
duplex mode. Operating in standard Ethernet mode limits bandwidth to 10  
Mbps/ 100Mbps per port, while operating in duplex mode doubles bandwidth  
from 10 Mbps/ 100Mbps to 20 Mbps/ 200 Mbps per port.  
Management Information Base (MIB) Support  
The 9H423-28 module provides MIB support including:  
RMON (RFC-1271)  
IETF MIB II (RFC-1213)  
IETF Bridge MIB (RFC-1493)  
and a host of other Cabletron Enterprise MIBs.  
For a complete list of supported MIBs, refer to the release notes provided with the  
9H423-28.  
NOTE  
INB  
The 9H423-28 module attaches to INB-B of the SmartSwitch 9000 Backplane. The  
INB Backplane is designed to transport fixed length data blocks between modules  
in the SmartSwitch 9000 using an INB Time Division Multiplexing (ITDM) design.  
The SmartSwitch 9000 INB bus delivers 2.5 Gbps of true data bandwidth with all  
control and management communication being serviced on the 8-bit out-of-band  
bus. The time slices of the INB manager operates in all three modes at once,  
without user intervention.  
1-3  
 
Introduction  
Arbitration for the backplane is accomplished in the INB Time Division  
Multiplexing (ITDM) logic. The arbitration is a three-level scheme that ensures  
that no one can get the backplane for more than one time slice at a time.  
The ITDM RAM contains 256 4-bit locations. This RAM is used to hold slot  
numbers of modules participating in INB backplane arbitration. The arbitration  
engine accesses this RAM once every time slice to get a slot number. That slot  
number will be granted access on the next time slice if it is requesting. The  
arbitration engine is always one time slice ahead, meaning that the value read  
from the RAM is for the next time slice, not the current time slice.  
LANVIEW LEDs  
The 9H423-28 module uses LANVIEW – the Cabletron Systems built-in visual  
diagnostic and status monitoring system. With LANVIEW LEDs, you can quickly  
identify, at a glance, system status as well as the device, port, and physical layer  
status. Two LEDs indicate the transmission and reception of data from the INB  
SmartSwitch 9000 backplane connection. Each of the 12 Ethernet front panel ports  
features two LEDs per port to indicate the ports Administrative status (enabled/  
disabled), LINK status (Link/ Nolink), and Data Activity (receiving and  
transmitting data).  
1-4  
 
Introduction  
FAST ENET  
9H423-28  
SMB  
INB  
CPU  
FAST ENET  
28  
27  
26X  
25X  
ETHERNET  
24  
10  
B
A
S
E
T
13  
12  
10  
B
A
S
E
T
1
Figure 1-1. The 9H423-28 Module  
1-5  
 
 
Introduction  
Related Manuals  
The manuals listed below should be used to supplement the procedures and  
technical data contained in this manual.  
SmartSwitch 9000 Installation Guide  
SmartSwitch 9000 9C300-1 Environmental Module Users Guide  
SmartSwitch 9000 9C214-1 AC Power Supply Users Guide  
SmartSwitch 9000 Local Management Users Guide  
INB Terminator Modules Installation Guide  
Getting Help  
For additional support related to this device or document, contact the Cabletron Systems Global Call  
Center:  
Phone  
(603) 332-9400  
Internet mail  
FTP  
ctron.com (134.141.197.25)  
anonymous  
Login  
Password  
your email address  
BBS  
(603) 335-3358  
Modem setting  
8N1: 8 data bits, No parity, 1 stop bit  
For additional information about Cabletron Systems or its products, visit the  
World Wide Web site: http://www.cabletron.com/  
For technical support, select Service and Support.  
To send comments or suggestions concerning this document, contact the  
Cabletron Systems Technical Writing Department via the following  
email address: [email protected]  
Make sure to include the document Part Number in the email message.  
Before calling the Cabletron Systems Global Call Center, have the following information ready:  
Your Cabletron Systems service contract number  
A description of the failure  
A description of any action(s) already taken to resolve the problem (e.g., changing mode switches,  
rebooting the unit, etc.)  
The serial and revision numbers of all involved Cabletron Systems products in the network  
A description of your network environment (layout, cable type, etc.)  
Network load and frame size at the time of trouble (if known)  
The device history (i.e., have you returned the device before, is this a recurring problem, etc.)  
Any previous Return Material Authorization (RMA) numbers  
1-6  
 
   
Chapter 2  
Installing the 9H423-28 Module  
The 9H423-28 module occupies a single slot in the SmartSwitch 9000 chassis.  
The INB Terminator Modules must be installed on the rear of the chassis before  
powering up this module. Refer to the INB Terminator Modules Installation  
Guide for information and installation procedure.  
NOTE  
Install the modules by following the steps starting below.  
Unpacking the Module  
1. Carefully remove the module from the shipping box. (Save the box and  
packing materials in the event the module must be reshipped.)  
2. Remove the module from the plastic bag. Observe all precautions to prevent  
damage from Electrostatic Discharge (ESD).  
3. Carefully examine the module, checking for damage. If any damage exists,  
DO NOT install the module. Contact Cabletron Systems Technical Support  
immediately.  
Installing an FEPIM  
The 9H423-28 provides a slot for a Cabletron FEPIM (Fast Ethernet Port Interface  
Module). The 9H423-28 SmartSwitch module is shipped without FEPIMs. To  
install an FEPIM, follow the procedure below:  
1. Remove the module if it is installed in the SmartSwitch 9000 chassis.  
2. Remove the two screws securing the plate on the side of the FEPIM slot.  
2-1  
 
       
Installing the 9H423-28 Module  
3. Install the FEPIM as shown in Figure 2-1. Ensure that the rear connector is  
seated firmly before tightening the three mounting screws.  
4. Replace the plate and two screws on the side of the FEPIM slot.  
Figure 2-1. Installing an FEPIM  
User Accessible Components  
consist of an eight-position dip switch (explained in the next section), replaceable  
PROMs, and sockets for memory and flash upgrades. These will be used for  
future upgrades. Instructions for installing the components will be supplied with  
the upgrade kit.  
2-2  
 
   
Installing the 9H423-28 Module  
SMB1 Prom  
Boot Prom  
Dip  
Switches  
Flash  
DRAM  
CNXSTATS  
Connector  
Figure 2-2. User Accessible Components  
Setting the Module DIP Switch  
The DIP switch on the 9H423-289 module (Figure 2-2 ), is an eight-switch DIP  
located near the right and center of the module. Each switch is set according to the  
functions described in Table 2-1. If switch settings are changed, the processor on  
the module must be reset, using the reset switch or repowering the module, for  
changes to take effect.  
2-3  
 
   
Installing the 9H423-28 Module  
See the Cautions at the end of this table.  
Table 2-1. Function of DIP Switch  
Switch  
Function  
Description  
This module stores user entered passwords in  
NVRAM (Nonvolatile random access memory). To  
clear these passwords, toggle this switch and then  
reset the modules processor. Once the module resets,  
factory default passwords are placed in NVRAM. You  
can use these default passwords or, if desired, enter  
new passwords. To enter new passwords, refer to the  
Module Local Management Users Guide.  
Clear  
Password  
8
-1  
This module stores user entered parameters such as IP  
addresses, subnet masks, default gateway, default  
interface, SNMP traps, bridge configurations and  
module specific configurations in NVRAM. To clear  
these parameters toggle this switch and then reset the  
modules processor. Once the module resets, factory  
default parameters are placed in NVRAM. You can  
use the default parameters or, if desired, enter new  
parameters. To enter new parameters, refer to the  
Module Local Management Users Guide.  
Clear  
NVRAM  
7
-2  
This module uses BOOTP (Boot Strap Protocol) to  
download new versions of the image file into Flash  
Memory. This procedure forces image files to be  
downloaded from the PC or Workstation, configured  
to act as the BOOTP server, connected to the EPIM  
port in the Environmental Module.  
Force  
BOOTP  
Download  
6
For Factory Use Only  
For Factory Use Only  
For Factory Use Only  
For Factory Use Only  
For Factory Use Only  
5
4
3
2
1
Reserved  
Reserved  
Reserved  
Reserved  
Reserved  
Caution: Do not toggle Switch 8 unless you intend to reset the user configured  
passwords to the factory default settings.  
!
CAUTION  
Caution: Do not toggle Switch 7 unless you intend to reset the user entered  
parameters to the factory default settings.  
2-4  
 
 
Installing the 9H423-28 Module  
Installing the Module in the SmartSwitch 9000  
Chassis  
To install the 9H423-28 module in the SmartSwitch 9000 chassis, follow the steps  
below:  
1. Remove the blank panel covering the slot in which the module will be  
mounted. All other slots must be covered to ensure proper air flow and  
cooling.  
2. Attach one end of the ESD wrist strap (packaged with the SmartSwitch 9000  
chassis) to your wrist. Plug the other end into the jack for the ESD Wrist Strap  
in the lower right corner of the SmartSwitch 9000 chassis shown in Figure 2-3.  
3. Install the module in the chassis by sliding it into slots and locking down both  
the top and bottom plastic tabs, as shown in Figure 2-3. Take care that the  
module is between the card guides as shown, it slides in straight, and engages  
the backplane connectors properly.  
2-5  
 
 
Installing the 9H423-28 Module  
Plastic Tab  
Jack for ESD  
Wrist Strap  
Metal Back-Panel  
Module  
Module Guides  
Warning:  
Ensure that the circuit card is between the card guides.  
Lock down the top and bottom plastic tabs  
at the same time, applying even pressure.  
Figure 2-3. Installing the Module  
2-6  
 
 
Installing the 9H423-28 Module  
The Reset Switch  
The Reset switch is located on the front panel, under the top plastic tab as shown  
in Figure 2-4. It serves three functions: resetting the i960 processor, shutting down  
the module, or restarting the module.  
To reset the i960 processor, press the reset switch twice within three seconds.  
To shut down the module, press and hold the reset switch down for three or  
more seconds.  
To restart the module after it has been shut down, press and release the Reset  
Switch.  
For security, SNMP management can be used to disable the functions of this  
switch.  
Reset Switch  
SMB  
CPU  
Figure 2-4. The Reset Switch  
2-7  
 
   
Installing the 9H423-28 Module  
2-8  
 
Chapter 3  
Operation  
The 9H423-28 module is a twenty-nine port device. Two front panel RJ21  
connectors support twenty-four 10BASE-T ports, along with two RJ45 connectors,  
ST fiber connectors and a slot for an FEPIM that support four 100BASE-T ports.  
Each of these twenty-eight ports is a separate collision domain, while the 29th  
port connects to INB-B.  
As shown in Figure 3-1, Ethernet Network Interface Blocks (ENIBs) and Fast  
Ethernet Network Interface Blocks (FENIBs) convert data packets received from  
any of the 10BASE-T/ 100BASE ports into a canonical frame format before  
forwarding to the SmartSwitch ASIC, while the Internal Network Bus Network  
Interface Block (INB NIB) converts data packets received from the INB into a  
canonical format before forwarding to the SmartSwitch ASIC.  
All data packets destined for a front panel port, the INB, or the i960 are converted  
into the canonical format before forwarding to the SmartSwitch ASIC. Network  
Interface Blocks (NIBs) check for valid data packets entering the system. If an  
errored data packet is found, the SmartSwitch ASIC flags the error and does not  
forward the errored data packet to any outbound ports. Once in this common  
format, the SmartSwitch ASIC decides from header information the port  
destination of data packets. Data packets are then converted from the canonical  
format to the proper format for the interface destination whether it is a front panel  
port, or connection to the INB.  
3-1  
 
 
Operation  
FENIB  
FENIB  
SMB 1  
Diagnostic  
Controller  
i960  
Processor  
SMB 10  
ENIB  
ENIB  
ENIB  
ENIB  
ENIB  
ENIB  
DC/DC  
Converter  
1
INB  
NIB  
Smart  
Switch  
ASIC  
I
N
B
2
Figure 3-1. Packet Flow for the 9H423-28  
ENIB/FENIB  
The Ethernet Network Interface Block (ENIB) and Fast Ethernet (FENIB) convert  
Ethernet data packets received through front panel ports into a common  
canonical format that allows the SmartSwitch ASIC Engine to determine the  
proper destination port. The ENIB/ FENIB also convert data packets from the  
common canonical format back to Ethernet data packets for transmission out  
front panel ports.  
3-2  
 
 
Operation  
SmartSwitch ASIC  
The SmartSwitch ASIC is a hardware-based switch design that is the key building  
block of the SmartSwitch 9000 hub. The SmartSwitch ASIC makes all filtering/  
forwarding decisions in custom hardware as opposed to software, as in  
traditional bridges. This custom hardware enables the SmartSwitch ASIC to  
process over 750K frames per second. The SmartSwitch ASIC is designed to  
support up to 64 ports shared between the host processor, the INB backplane, and  
LAN/ WAN interfaces on the front panel of SmartSwitch 9000 modules. The  
SmartSwitch ASIC can operate in two modes: as a traditional switch or as a  
SecureFast Switch (SFS).  
Traditional Switch  
When operating as a traditional switch, the SmartSwitch ASIC makes filtering/  
forwarding decisions based on Destination Address (DA), with standard IEEE  
802.1d learning.  
VLAN  
Modules within a MMAC chassis utilize connection-oriented SecureFast Switches  
(SFS) to create Virtual LANs, or VLANs.  
A VLAN is a local area network of endpoints having full connectivity (sharing  
broadcast, multicast, and unicast packets) independent of any particular physical  
or geographical location. In other words, endpoints that share a virtual LAN  
appear to be on a single LAN segment regardless of their actual location. Changes  
to VLANs, (e.g., moving nodes) are accomplished via software, reducing network  
management time and expense.  
VLANs extend direct communication between users beyond the constraints of a  
physical LAN segment by allowing the establishment of VLANs that encompass  
users on multiple physical LAN segments. This permits endpoints to be  
administratively grouped. For example, in Figure 3-2, the users on LANs A and B  
belong to the Finance group, however, they are physically removed from each  
other and as such cannot communicate directly. The VLAN solution places both  
LAN segments on the same VLAN; all endpoints appear and act as if they are on  
the same physical LAN.  
Most VLAN implementations require a router for Inter-VLAN communication;  
Cabletrons SecureFast VLAN operational model does not. Inter-VLAN  
communication is accomplished via multi-layer switches or optional traditional  
router.  
3-3  
 
     
Operation  
LAN A  
LAN B  
Endpoints on VLAN 2  
Endpoints on VLAN 1  
Figure 3-2. VLAN-based Network  
VLAN Domains  
VLAN domains consist of groups of interconnected VLAN switches separated by  
routing devices. Figure 3-3 shows such an arrangement. Each group of switches  
constitutes a VLAN domain.  
Routing Device  
VLAN Domain  
VLAN Domain  
VLAN Switch  
VLAN Switch  
VLAN Switch  
VLAN Switch  
VLAN Switch  
VLAN Switch  
Figure 3-3. VLAN Domains  
3-4  
 
 
Operation  
Fully-Meshed VLAN Domains  
The switches shown in figure 3-3 above are said to be fully meshed. The term  
“fully meshed” is often used when describing the connections between switches  
in a domain. Fully meshed implies that there are links between all switches to  
every other switch. A fully-meshed topology provides high reliability and low  
delays between endpoints. Figure 3-4 shows a VLAN domain consisting of four  
fully-meshed VLAN switches.  
VLAN Switch  
VLAN Switch  
VLAN Switch  
VLAN Switch  
Figure 3-4. Fully-Meshed VLAN Domain  
SecureFast VLAN Switches  
SecureFast VLAN (SFVLAN) switches are connection-oriented internetworking  
devices. These devices use source address/ destination address (SA/ DA) pairs  
along with embedded layer 3 virtual routing services to provide address  
resolution and call processing. In a connection-oriented network, path  
determination is accomplished through signaling performed at call setup time.  
Once a call is programmed, no additional software intervention is required until  
the call is completed. This type of call management operates much like a  
telephone network. The circuit is set up, data is transferred, and the circuit is torn  
down.  
Switches switch packets at the MAC layer and allow connectivity of endpoints via  
Access Ports based on VLAN mappings. The first packet is routed, the remaining  
packets are then switched along the same path. Each VLAN switch maintains a  
Local Directory of endpoint MAC and network addresses found on each switch  
port. The aggregation of each VLAN switchs Local Directory form a complete  
view of an entire VLAN domain. This information is used by the VLAN Manager  
for assignment and verification of VLANs.  
3-5  
 
   
Operation  
i960 Core  
The i960 core provides the SNMP protocol stacks to support industry-standard  
MIBs. Additionally, Cabletron enterprise extension MIBs are supported for each  
media type. Advanced management services, such as the Distributed LAN  
Monitor, telnet and network address to MAC address mapping, are also provided  
by the i960 core.  
The Host engine sends and receives packets via the CPUs SmartSwitch ASIC  
Interface. This allows the bridge to perform spanning tree protocol and other  
bridging functions. The SMB Interfaces provide communication to the Host  
Engine for management functions.  
INB NIB  
Each module that attaches to the Internal Network Bus (INB) has an INB Network  
Interface Block (NIB). The INB NIB converts canonical frames to fixed length data  
blocks for transmission onto the INB. For data blocks received from the INB, the  
INB NIB reassembles the data blocks received from the INB back into canonical  
frames for transmission to the SmartSwitch ASIC then from the SmartSwitch  
ASIC to the front panel ports.  
System Management Buses  
There are two management channels within the SmartSwitch 9000 system: the  
SMB-1 and the SMB-10. These buses provide side-band management and inter-  
module management communication.  
SMB-1 Bus  
The SMB-1 is a 1Mbs management bus located within the SmartSwitch 9000. This  
bus is utilized by all diagnostic controllers in the system including connectivity  
modules, power supply modules and the environmental module. The SMB-1  
transports inter-chassis information between system components, such as power  
and environmental information, as well as diagnostic messages. Periodic loop-  
back tests are performed by all modules that share this bus to ensure the validity  
of SMB-1. In the event a failure is detected on SMB-1, the SMB-10 may be used as  
an alternate communication channel.  
3-6  
 
       
Operation  
SMB-10 Bus  
The SMB-10 is a 10Mbs management bus located within the SmartSwitch 9000.  
This bus is used for inter-chassis communication of modules as well as serving as  
an side-band management channel into the SmartSwitch 9000.  
The SMB-10 is externalized from the chassis via an optional Ethernet Port  
Interface Module (EPIM) located on the front of the Environmental Module.  
Through an EPIM connection, full SNMP management of the SmartSwitch 9000 is  
available side-band from user data. Modules that share the SMB-10 bus  
periodically send out loop-back packets to ensure the validity of SMB-10. If a fault  
is detected on the SMB-10, the SMB-1 can be used as an alternate communication  
channel by the modules.  
System Diagnostic Controller  
This diagnostic controller is composed of a Z-80 microprocessor and its  
supporting logic. The diagnostic controller is designed to control the power-up  
sequencing of modules, monitor the 9H423-28 module input and output power  
parameters, keep watch over the main host processor, monitor the temperature,  
and control the SMB LANVIEW diagnostic LEDs. Although the system diagnostic  
controller and the main host processor can operate independently of each other if  
needed, they exchange information about each others status and overall module  
condition. The information gathered by the diagnostic controller is available to  
the network manager via local/ remote management and the LCD located on the  
environment module. The 9H423-28 is designed to continue functioning in the  
event of a diagnostic controller fault.  
DC/DC Converter  
The DC/ DC converter converts the 48 VDC on the system power bus to the  
necessary operating voltages for its host network services module. The diagnostic  
controller monitors and controls the operation of the DC/ DC converter.  
INB Interface  
The INB Backplane is designed to transport fixed-length data blocks between  
modules in the SmartSwitch 9000 using an INB Time Division Multiplexing  
(ITDM) design. The SmartSwitch 9000 INB bus delivers 2.5 Gbps of true data  
bandwidth with all control and management communication being serviced on  
the 8 bit out-of-band bus. The time slices of the INB manager operates in all three  
modes at once, without user intervention.  
3-7  
 
       
Operation  
Arbitration for the backplane is accomplished in the INB Time Division  
Multiplexing (ITDM) logic. The arbitration is a three-level scheme that ensures  
that no one can get the backplane for more than one time slice at a time.  
The ITDM RAM contains 256 4-bit locations. This RAM is used to hold slot  
numbers of modules participating in INB backplane arbitration. The arbitration  
engine accesses this RAM once every time slice to get a slot number. That slot  
number will be granted access on the next time slice if it is requesting. The  
arbitration engine is always one time slice ahead, meaning that the value read  
from the RAM is for the next time slice, not the current time slice.  
The RAM is programmed on system power-up or when ever a module is  
inserted/ removed from the SmartSwitch 9000 chassis. There is a module  
discovery program running that will detect these events. The amount of RAM to  
be used and the position of the slot numbers in the RAM is determined by a  
higher level system management program.  
ITDM Arbitration Levels  
The three levels of arbitration guarantee that a module will get its allocated  
bandwidth plus some more depending on what levels of arbitration it is  
participating in.  
ITDM RAM Allocation (Level 1)  
This level guarantees access to the backplane. When a module requests access to  
the backplane, it will get access to it when it's slot number is placed onto the bus.  
This will ensure predicted or predetermined access to the backplane.  
Round Robin Arbitration (Level 2)  
This level makes use of idle time slices. There is a token passed on every time slice  
to modules participating in this level of arbitration. Only one module has the  
token at any one time slice. If the module assigned to the next time slice is not  
requesting then the module with the token will be granted access if it is  
requesting. The token is passed to the next highest slot number participating each  
time slice.  
Lowest Slot Number (Level 3)  
This level is only used if the other two levels fail in granting access to the  
backplane. If the owner of the token is not requesting, then the lowest slot number  
requesting will be granted access. This ensures that a time slice will not be idle if  
there are modules requesting access.  
3-8  
 
 
Operation  
Monarch/Slave SmartSwitch 9000 Modules  
All modules in an SmartSwitch 9000 chassis that transfer packets across the INB  
backplane have identical INB interfaces. However, one of them has to be selected  
to perform the backplane arbitration. The lowest slot number module will  
automatically be selected as the arbitrator. This module will be called the  
Monarch and others will be Slaves to that module. If the Monarch module is  
removed from the chassis, a re-election occurs and the module with the lowest  
slot number is elected Monarch.  
Cabletrons INB Bandwidth Arbitrator, the third method permits the lowest slot  
number to use any bandwidth not used by the previous two methods.  
3-9  
 
 
Operation  
3-10  
 
Chapter 4  
LANVIEW LEDs  
The front panel LANVIEW LEDs indicate the status of the module and may be  
used as an aid in troubleshooting. Figure 4-1 shows the LANVIEW LEDs of the  
9H423-28 module.  
FAST ENET  
System Status  
9H423-28  
SMB  
INB  
CPU  
FAST ENET  
INB Receive  
INB Transmit  
28  
Port  
Receive  
Port  
Transmit  
27  
26X  
25X  
ETHERNET  
24  
Figure 4-1. The LANVIEW LEDs  
4-1  
 
   
LANVIEW LEDs  
The function of the two System Status LEDs, System Management Bus (SMB) and  
CPU (Central Processing Unit), are listed in Table 4-1.  
Table 4-1. System Status (SMB and CPU) LEDs  
LED Color  
State  
Description  
Green  
Yellow  
Functional  
Testing  
Fully operational  
Power up testing  
Yellow (Blinking)  
Yellow/ Green  
Red  
Crippled  
Booting  
Reset  
Not fully operational (i.e. one port may be bad)  
Module is performing its boot process  
Module is resetting  
Red (Blinking)  
Off  
Failed  
Fatal error  
Power off  
Module powered off  
The function of the INB Receive LEDs is listed in Table 4-2.  
Table 4-2. INB Receive LEDs  
LED Color  
State  
Green  
Green (Blinking)  
Yellow (Flashing)  
Red  
Link, no activity, port enabled  
Link, port disabled  
Link, activity, port enabled (Flashing to steady on indicates rate.)  
INB fault, (not synchronized with the Monarch)  
No link, no activity (port enabled)  
Off  
The function of the INB Transmit LEDs is listed in Table 4-3.  
Table 4-3. INB Transmit LEDs  
LED Color  
State  
Green (Flashing)  
Activity, port enabled (Flashing to steady on indicates rate.)  
Yellow (Blinking)  
Port in standby state  
INB fault  
Red  
Off  
Link (port disabled)  
4-2  
 
     
LANVIEW LEDs  
The function of the Port Receive LEDs is listed in Table 4-4.  
Table 4-4. Port Receive LEDs  
LED Color  
State  
Green  
Green (Blinking)  
Yellow (Flashing)  
Red  
Link, no activity port enabled  
Link, port disabled  
Link, activity, port enabled (flashing to steady on indicates rate)  
Fault  
Off  
No link, (port disabled)  
The function of the Port Transmit LEDs is listed in Table 4-5.  
Table 4-5. Port Transmit LEDs  
LED Color  
State  
Green (Flashing)  
Yellow (Blinking)  
Red (Flashing)  
Red  
Data activity (flashing to steady on indicates rate)  
Port in standby state  
Collision (with collision rate)  
Fault  
Off  
No activity, port can be disabled or enabled  
4-3  
 
   
LANVIEW LEDs  
4-4  
 
Chapter 5  
Specifications  
Technical Specifications  
CPU  
Intel i960 RISC based microprocessor  
Memory  
4 Mb  
4 Mb  
2 Mb  
16 Mb  
Local RAM (expandable to 32 Mb)  
Flash Memory (expandable to 32 Mb)  
Packet RAM  
DRAM  
Standards:  
IEEE 802.1D  
IEEE 802.3j 10BASE-FL  
Network Interfaces  
Straight through (ST) connectors  
5-1  
 
             
Specifications  
Safety  
It is the responsibility of the person who sells the system to which the module will  
be a part to ensure that the total system meets allowed limits of conducted and  
radiated emissions.  
!
CAUTION  
This equipment meets the safety requirements of:  
UL 1950  
CSA C22.2 No. 950  
EN 60950  
IEC 950  
The EMI Requirements of:  
FCC Part 15 Class A  
EN 55022 Class A  
VCCI Class I  
The EMC requirements of:  
EN 50082-1  
IEC 801-2 ESD  
IEC 801-3 Radiated susceptibility  
IEC 801-4 EFT  
Service  
MTBF (MHBK-217E)  
MTTR  
>200,000 hrs.  
<0.5 hr.  
Physical  
Dimensions  
35.0 D x 44.0 H x 6.0 W centimeters  
(13.8 D x 17.4 H x 1.2 W inches)  
Weight  
Unit:  
Shipping:  
1.360.7 gr. (3 lbs.)  
1.814.4 gr. (4 lbs.)  
5-2  
 
         
Specifications  
Environment  
Operating Temperature  
5 to 40° C  
Storage Temperature  
Relative Humidity  
-30 to 90° C  
5% to 95% non-condensing  
5-3  
 
 
Specifications  
5-4  
 
Appendix A  
FEPIM Specifications  
The 9H423-28 SmartSwitch 9000 module uses a Fast Ethernet Interface Module  
(FEPIM) to provide front panel cable connections. FEPIMs are user-installable.  
See the section titled Installing an FEPIM in Chapter 2.  
FE-100TX  
The FE-100TX is an RJ45 connector supporting Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP)  
cabling.  
The slide switch on the FE-100TX determines the crossover status of the cable  
pairs. If the switch is on the X side, the pairs are internally crossed over. If the  
switch is on the = side, the pairs are not internally crossed over. Figure A-1 shows  
the pinouts for the FEPIM-100TX in both positions.  
Position X  
(crossed over)  
Position =  
(not crossed over)  
5. NC  
6. RX-  
7. NC  
8. NC  
1. RX+ 5. NC  
2. RX- 6. TX-  
3. TX+ 7. NC  
4. NC 8. NC  
1. TX+  
2. TX-  
3. RX+  
4. NC  
=
x
10  
100  
FE-100TX  
166505  
Figure A-1. FE-100TX Pinouts  
FE-100FX  
FE-100FX is equipped with an SC-style port. Table A-1 lists the specifications for  
the FE-100FX.  
A-1  
 
     
FEPIM Specifications  
FE-100FX  
SP  
Figure A-2. FE-100FX  
Table A-1. FE-100FX Specifications  
Cable Type  
Worst Case Budget  
Typical Budget  
50/ 125 µm fiber  
6.0 dB  
9.0 dB  
12.0 dB  
18.0 dB  
62.5/ 125 µm fiber  
100/ 140 µm fiber  
9.0 dB  
15.0 dB  
The transmitter power levels and receive sensitivity levels listed are Peak Power  
Levels after optical overshoot. A Peak Power Meter must be used to correctly  
compare the values given above to those measured on any particular port. If  
Power levels are being measured with an Average Power Meter, add 3 dBm to the  
measurement to compare the measured values to the values listed above.  
A-2  
 
   

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